![]() In a power-equalized optical system, the total input power is proportional to the number of channels. In constant gain mode, the amplifier power out control loop performs the following input and output power calculations, where G represents the gain and t represents time. The TCC2/TCC2P compares the actual amplifier output power with the expected amplifier output power and modifies the setpoints if any discrepancies occur. To perform this function, the TCC2/TCC2P needs to know the channel distribution, which is provided by a signaling protocol, and the expected per-channel power, which you can provision. The shelf controller software emulates the control output power loop to adjust for fiber degradation. Amplifiers monitor the changes to the input power and change the output power proportionately according to the calculated gain setpoint. Note APC algorithms manage the optical parameters of the OPT-BST, OPT-PRE, OPT-AMP-17-C, 32DMX, 40-DMX-C, OPT-BST-L, OPT-AMP-L, and 32DMX-L cards.Īmplifier software uses a control gain loop with fast transient suppression to keep the channel power constant regardless of any changes in the number of channels. For more information about anti-ASE nodes, see the "Anti-ASE Node" section. When the total number of wavelengths deployed in the ring is lower than ten, the anti-ASE node is configured by using an OADM node where all the channels that are not terminated in the node are configured as "optical pass-through." In other words, no channels in the anti-ASE node can travel through the express path of the OADM node.įor more information about OADM nodes, see the "OADM Node" section.OADM nodes equipped with 32MUX-O cards and 32DMX-O cards are called full OADM nodes. This solution is adopted when the total number of wavelengths deployed in the ring is higher than ten. Equip an OADM node with 32MUX-O cards and 32DMX-O cards.An anti-ASE node can be created in two ways: This is done by configuring a particular node as an anti-ASE node. A meshed ring must be designed to prevent amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) lasing. Unprotected multihop traffic can be provisioned in the ring. Protected traffic can be provisioned between any two nodes however, the selected channel cannot be reused in the ring. The meshed traffic topology ( Figure 10-4) does not use hubbed nodes only amplified and passive OADM nodes are present. From a transmission point of view, this network topology is similar to two bidirectional point-to-point links with OADM nodes.įor more information about hub nodes, see the "Hub Node" section. However, the same channel can be reused in different sections of the ring by provisioning unprotected multihop traffic. Protected traffic saturates a channel in a hubbed topology, that is, no channel reuse is possible. Protected traffic can also be provisioned between any pair of optical add/drop multiplexing (OADM) nodes, except that either the working or the protected path must be regenerated in the hub node. Both working and protected traffic use the same wavelength on both sides of the ring. A channel can be provisioned to support protected traffic between the hub node and any node in the ring. In the hubbed traffic topology ( Figure 10-1), a hub node terminates all the DWDM channels. Ring networks support hubbed, multi-hubbed, any-to-any, and mesh traffic topologies. The ONS 15454 DWDM network topologies include ring networks, linear networks, and mesh networks. Identify when the DWDM network is complete and when it is incomplete.Identify the different types of DWDM networks.Identify other ONS 15454 DWDM nodes in the network.NSP automatically updates nodes whenever a change in the network occurs. Within DWDM networks, the ONS 15454 uses a communications protocol, called Node Services Protocol (NSP), to communicate with other nodes. ![]() Metro core networks often include multiple spans and amplifiers, so the optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) is the limiting factor for channel performance. Network-Level Gain-Tilt Management of Optical AmplifiersĬisco ONS 15454 nodes can be provisioned for metro core DWDM network applications.OPT-BST, OPT-BST-E, 32WSS, 32DMX, 40-DMX-C, 40-MUX-C, 40-WSS-C, 40-WXC-C, and OPT-AMP-17-C cards can only be installed in C-band-compatible nodes and networks. Note OPT-BST-L, 32WSS-L, 32DMX-L, and OPT-AMP-L cards can only be installed in L-band-compatible nodes and networks. The chapter also provides network-level optical performance references. This chapter explains the ONS 15454 dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) network applications and topologies. 10.8 Network-Level Gain-Tilt Management of Optical Amplifiersġ0.8.1 Gain Tilt Control at the Card Levelġ0.9.1 OC-192/STM-64 Data Rate (9.95328 Gbps)
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